Osteoblasts: synthesise bone matrix
mineralise bone
Osteocytes: osteoblasts that become trapped in the matrix they produced.
Osteoclasts: play a role in bone resorption
Bone matrix: consist of proteins (mainly collagen) and mineral
Osteoid: Unmineralized bone matrix (consist of collagen and other proteins)
Organic matrix/organic part of the bone matrix: same as osteoid, just another way of saying it's unmineralised
Hydroxyapatite: The mineral that is added to the organic matrix to form calcified/mineralised bone. Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂
Calcitonin inhibits osteoclasts activity directly, thus reduces bone resorption.
Parathyroid hormone and 1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol stimulates osteoclastogenesis indirectly by binding to osteoblasts and increases expression of RANKL which in turn stimulates formation of new osteoclasts.
Wolff's law: Bone remodels along lines of mechanical stress, becoming stronger or weaker where mechanical demand is more or less.
Piezoelectric effect: Mechanical energy is converted to electrical energy (voltage gradient) which stimulates osteoblastic activity
Reference:
1. OMG who cares.... www.wikipedia.com
2. Orthopedic principles, David IP
3. The effect of vitamin D on osteoblasts and osteoclasts, Ikeda Kyoji, 1999
4. Can I just skip this part? This ain't a scientific article and I am just too lazy....
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